{"id":110699,"date":"2014-01-17T09:59:43","date_gmt":"2014-01-17T13:59:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/?p=110699"},"modified":"2018-08-17T15:12:12","modified_gmt":"2018-08-17T19:12:12","slug":"health-talk-menopause-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/homepage\/columns\/health-talk\/health-talk-menopause-2\/","title":{"rendered":"HEALTH TALK: Menopause"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Dr.
Dr. Victor Emanuel MD<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Today we are going to focus on our precious women. The topic is one which is not widely discussed because everybody, doctors included, often think of menopause and its symptoms and consequences as just one of those things which women unfortunately have to go through, like childbirth.\u00a0 But I want to tell our women that they do not just have to grin and bear it.\u00a0 Yes, it is a natural step in the process of aging, but it does not have to make your life miserable.<\/span><\/p>\n

GENERAL INTRODUCTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

Today, medical advances have resulted in a wide range of health care choices that can enhance quality of life during menopause and the decades afterwards.\u00a0 It is vital for women to know that menopause itself caries no serious health risks.\u00a0 However, the chance for heart disease and osteoporosis (thinning of the bone) rises after menopause.\u00a0 They must also understand the menopause and the range of treatment options to make the best health decisions, and to remember that menopause is a perfectly natural occurrence.<\/p>\n

THE FACTS ABOUT MENOPAUSE<\/strong><\/p>\n

It simply means that a woman has stopped having her menstrual periods.\u00a0 It occurs when the ovaries have packed it in and stopped making hormones called estrogens.\u00a0 It usually happens between the ages of 45 and 60 but it can occur earlier.\u00a0 If the ovaries are surgically removed or stop functioning for any reason, the same thing will happen.<\/p>\n

Low estrogen levels cause some uncomfortable symptoms in many women.\u00a0 The most common is hot flashes \u2013 sudden intense waves of heat and sweating.\u00a0 They may disrupt sleep, drench pillows and bed linen, and cause many a husband to sleep in another room.\u00a0 Other symptoms are mood changes, irregular periods, vaginal and urinary tract infections, urinary incontinence (leakage of urine or inability to control urine flow), and inflammation of the vagina.\u00a0 Because of the genital changes, some women have discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse.\u00a0 Men need to be gentle and patient.\u00a0 Some women notice changes in their skin, digestive tract, and hair during menopause.\u00a0 Long term, remember we mentioned heart disease and osteoporosis.\u00a0 Bones break easier and some women actually get shorter because of repeated fractures of the bones of the vertical column.<\/p>\n

WHAT ARE ESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Estrogen is the female hormone<\/a> which plays a key role in shaping the female body and preparing it for female functions such as pregnancy.\u00a0 The breasts, hips, vagina, uterus and other female organs need it to mature.<\/p>\n

Progesterone is also made by the ovaries, and with estrogen regulates the changes that occur with each menses and prepare the uterus for pregnancy.\u00a0 Before menopause, more than 90% of estrogen is made by the ovaries.\u00a0 The adrenal glands, liver and kidneys also make a small amount, so a woman can at least have some after menopause.\u00a0 Fat cells are also in on the act, so overweight women may have fewer problems with hot flashes and osteoporosis. Don\u2019t start heaping up your plates though; I\u2019m sure you know about overweight and obese problems.<\/p>\n

Estrogen stimulates skeletal growth, and helps maintain healthy bones.\u00a0 It protects the heart by promoting \u201cgood cholesterol\u201d (HDL) and lowering \u201cbad cholesterol\u201d (LDL).\u00a0 Estrogen may also affect a woman\u2019s sexual desire.\u00a0 Ah ha, wouldn\u2019t you love to know which way?<\/p>\n

Progesterone is the second female hormone, mostly made by the ovaries, but to a lesser extent by the adrenal glands.\u00a0 Progesterone stimulates the growth of a cushiony lining in the uterus where the fertilized egg can grow and develop into a baby; helps the breast make milk, and generally maintain pregnancy.<\/p>\n

SYMPTOMS<\/strong><\/p>\n

75% of women report some troublesome symptoms but severity and frequency of them vary from woman to woman.\u00a0 Again hot flashes are the most common with vaginal atrophy running a close second \u2013 the vaginal tissue becomes thinner, drier, more delicate, and begins to shrink.
\n
\nIRREGULAR BLEEDING<\/strong>
\n<\/b>Irregular periods are characteristic leading up to menopause.\u00a0 Periods may be shorter or longer, heavier or lighter, and the interval between them can just be all over the place.\u00a0 See your doctor, though if: bleeding lasts more that 21 days; your period lasts longer than 8 days or is very heavy; your period occurs after 6 months or more after the last one..
\n
\nHOT FLASHES<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

These are the classic sign of menopause.\u00a0 A flash produces a sudden sensation of warmth or even intense heat that spreads over various parts of the body, especially the chest, face, and head.\u00a0 Flushing and sweating usually occur, followed by a chill.\u00a0 Some women feel their heart beating very fast and feel anxious.\u00a0 They last from a few seconds to several minutes.\u00a0 If you have had your womb removed, you are likely to have more hot flashes.\u00a0 Many women will find their flashes decreasing after two years into menopause.\u00a0 Some may have them for 10, 20, 40 years or longer after menopause.<\/p>\n

VAGINAL THINNING<\/strong><\/p>\n

The importance of estrogen in maintaining healthy vaginal and other tissues below has already been mentioned.\u00a0 Up to 50% of all women over 60 have some degree of vaginal dryness.\u00a0 Regular sexual intercourse can help to keep the vagina moist and toned.\u00a0 See, not only can they do it, they need to do it.\u00a0 Age matters not.<\/p>\n

LINKS BETWEEN MOOD, MENOPAUSE, AND SEXUAL FUNCTION<\/strong><\/p>\n

The brain also responds to estrogen.\u00a0 It is thought to be important in memory and maintaining healthy nerve cells. Depression may be more likely right before menopause, but other things may be contributing \u2013 kids, career, marriage pressures, aging parents, etc\u2026<\/p>\n

DIAGNOSIS<\/strong><\/p>\n

The doctor will review a woman\u2019s medical history and perform an examination.\u00a0 He may order blood tests to make sure there isn\u2019t another diagnosis and to decide what treatment, if any, is necessary.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

HEALTH CHANGES AFTER MENOPAUSE<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

OESTEOPOROSIS<\/strong><\/p>\n

This is thinning of the bones, which weaken and break easily.\u00a0 Most prone are those in the spine, wrists and hip.\u00a0 Bones naturally weaken with age in both sexes after 40, but menopause is an added risk. Estrogen replacement can help in some selected cases but adequate intake of calcium and regular exercise, like walking, can do wonders.<\/p>\n

HEART DISEASE<\/strong><\/p>\n

This has been touched on before.\u00a0 But it may surprise you to know that heart disease is one of the leading cause of death among women; it is not a \u201cman\u2019s problem.\u201d\u00a0 Risk factors for heart disease in women (and men) include obesity, high blood pressure, diabetes, cigarette smoking, high levels of \u201cbad\u201d cholesterol and a low level of activity.<\/p>\n

Estrogen replacement has been shown to play an important role in counteracting all the factors that lead to heart disease in women.<\/p>\n

Now, women, I\u2019m sure, you have a lot of questions. Let me anticipate some and try to answer them briefly.
\n
\nWILL THESE SYMPTOMS LAST FOR THE REST OF MY LIFE?<\/strong><\/b><\/p>\n

For most, they last for a relatively short time.\u00a0 However, because a woman\u2019s estrogen level naturally remains low after menopause, the effect of estrogen deficiency will always be present.\u00a0 But replacement therapy, eating right, exercise, and making lifestyle changes will all help.<\/p>\n

IS A CHANGE IN SEXUAL DESIRE NORMAL AFTER MENOPAUSE?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Not really, the problems are essentially physical which cause women then to refrain.\u00a0 But some women do view themselves differently, and for this counseling and support groups may help.<\/p>\n

WHAT CAN BE DONE TO RELIEVEN PAIN DURING SEX?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Again, have sex often to decrease dryness and increase tone.\u00a0 Also lubricants, when necessary, like K-Y Jelly, can assist.\u00a0 There\u2019s no shame in doing that.\u00a0 Estrogen creams are also available.<\/p>\n

WHAT ABOUT HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY?<\/strong>
\n<\/b>
\nReplacing estrogen \u2013 hormone replacement therapy (HRT) \u2013 has done wonders for many women.\u00a0 It is not for everybody, depending on various factors to do with your uterus, breasts and other considerations.\u00a0 The best thing to do is talk with your doctor.<\/p>\n

But please, do not suffer in silence.\u00a0 Don\u2019t grin and bear it.\u00a0 There is help, there is counseling, and there is genuine concern on the part of us doctors, male or female.\u00a0 We understand and we want to spare you the discomfort and the consequences.<\/p>\n

See you next week.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Click here to find out more about Female Hormones<\/a><\/p>\n

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