{"id":92568,"date":"2013-05-13T09:03:48","date_gmt":"2013-05-13T13:03:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/?p=92568"},"modified":"2013-05-13T09:03:48","modified_gmt":"2013-05-13T13:03:48","slug":"business-and-life-corporate-governance-and-the-board-of-directors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/homepage\/columns\/business-life\/business-and-life-corporate-governance-and-the-board-of-directors\/","title":{"rendered":"BUSINESS AND LIFE: Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_83298\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-83298\" style=\"width: 160px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-83298\" alt=\"Dr. Valda Henry\" src=\"http:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/valda-henry.jpg\" width=\"160\" height=\"240\" srcset=\"https:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/valda-henry.jpg 160w, https:\/\/dominicanewsonline.com\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/01\/valda-henry-100x150.jpg 100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-83298\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Valda Henry<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Before we begin, we salute all mothers and women who nurture, love, support and guide children.\u00a0 Your role is critical to the development of a just, peaceful, loving and wholesome society and we pray God\u2019s continued blessings, guidance and protection over you.\u00a0 We extend \u201cget well wishes\u201d to Honourable Julius Timothy and pray for God\u2019s continued healing and a speedy and full recovery. We extend \u201cCongratulations\u201d, to the Honourable Prime Minister and Mrs Skerrit and pray God\u2019s blessings on their union and wish them a long, happy, healthy and fulfilled life together.<\/p>\n<p>This week we look at Corporate Governance and the Role of the Board of Directors.<br \/>\nIn the wake of the international scandals in the mid 1990\u2019s the focus returned on corporate governance and the intensity of the scrutiny and focus grew exponentially following the scandals of Enron, WorldCom, Adelphis, Tyco and others in the early 2000s.\u00a0 In the Caribbean, our attention grew following the CLICO\/BAICO scandal. The focus led to greater attention made to not only the performance of boards but also importantly on individual directors, for as Miller et al (1997) argued \u201cfor any company that hasn\u2019t done well, one of the solutions starts with the board\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>That emphasis led to the focus on structure and procedure of boards and many boards began putting policies in place or reviewing existing policies relating to board functioning, largely influenced by revised or new guidelines, best practise or legislation instituted by governments.\u00a0 These changes, according to Sonnenfeld (2002) were chiefly structural and have not necessarily led an improvement in the effectiveness of boards.<\/p>\n<p>The Board is a body of elected or appointed members who jointly oversee the activities of a company or organisation.\u00a0 Its activities are determined by the powers, duties and responsibilities delegated to it or conferred on it by an authority outside itself, typically, the company or organisation\u2019s bylaws (Wikipedia).\u00a0 It is also influenced or determined by legislation or best practice principles.<\/p>\n<p>Sonnenfeld (2002) contends, \u201cIt\u2019s time for some fundamentally new thinking about how corporate boards should operate and be evaluated.\u00a0 We need to consider not only how we structure the work of a board but also how we manage the social system a board actually is.\u00a0 We\u2019ll be fighting the wrong war if we simply tighten procedural rules for boards and ignore their more pressing need \u2013 to be strong, high functioning work groups whose members trust and challenge one another and engage directly with senior managers on critical issues facing corporations\u201d.\u00a0 This point is affirmed by Nadler (2004) who argues that the key to better corporate governance lies in the working relationships between boards and managers, in the social dynamics of board interaction, and in the competence, integrity and constructive involvement of individual directors.\u00a0 He states, \u201cPatently this is not the stuff of legislation\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Corporate governance is defined by Baysinger and Hoskisson (1990) (quoted in Henry, 2004) as \u201cthe integrated set of internal and external controls that harmonise manager-shareholder (agency) conflicts of interests, resulting from the separation of ownership and control\u201d.\u00a0 The OECD (1999) sees corporate governance as involving \u201ca set of relationships between a company\u2019s management, its board, its shareholders and stakeholders\u201d.\u00a0 This latter definition focuses on relationship rather than structure and appears more in line with the sentiments expressed by Sonnenfeld and Nadler.<\/p>\n<p>The UK Corporate Governance Code details the board\u2019s role as to:<br \/>\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Provide entrepreneurial leadership of the company within a framework of prudent and effective controls which enables risks to be assessed and managed;<br \/>\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Set the company\u2019s strategic aims<br \/>\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ensure that the necessary financial and human resources are in place for the company to meet its objectives and review management performance<br \/>\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Set the company\u2019s values and standards<br \/>\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ensure that its obligations to its shareholders and others are understood<\/p>\n<p>Adrian Cadbury, the Chairman of the Cadbury Commission which developed he first version of the UK Corporate Governance Code defines the role of the board as to:<br \/>\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Define the company\u2019s purpose<br \/>\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Agree strategies and plans for achieving that purpose<br \/>\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Establish the company\u2019s policies<br \/>\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Appoint the chief executive<br \/>\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Monitor and assess the performance of the executive team<br \/>\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Assess its own performance<\/p>\n<p>The above and a review of the corporate governance literature in short defines the role of the board as providing direction and leadership, determining the strategic direction of the organisation, approving policies, ensuring compliance to the policies, ensuring an effective risk management system to control and manage risks, recruiting and assessing the performance of the chief executive officer, to appoint management and reviewing the assessments of their performance.<\/p>\n<p>The Board therefore has a fiduciary duty, a duty of loyalty, a duty of care and a duty of supervision to shareholders. This means that the members of the board need to understand their roles and that of management.\u00a0 The Chairman of the board plays a critical role in providing guidance to the board and in managing the relationships among and between directors, the chief executive officer and corporate secretary.<\/p>\n<p>Until we meet again, may God continue to keep us in the Palm of His Hands.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Valda Frederica Henry, VF Inc.\u2019s CEO and Principal Trainer is a Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA), Certified Global Professional in Human Resources (GPHR), Certified Myers Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) Practitioner, holds a PhD in Industrial Relations &amp; Business, a Masters in Business Administration and a BSc Management Studies. VF Inc. is a Human Resource &amp; Finance Consultancy firm with a Training and Recruitment arm, and the producer and host of a live TV program \u201cThe Cutting Edge of Business\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Before we begin, we salute all mothers and women who nurture, love, support and guide children.\u00a0 Your role is critical to the development of a just, peaceful, loving and wholesome society and we pray God\u2019s continued blessings, guidance and protection&#8230;","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_cbd_carousel_blocks":"[]","footnotes":""},"categories":[89],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-92568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-business-life"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>BUSINESS AND LIFE: Corporate Governance and the Board of Directors - 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